NAME: __________________________
MEDIEVAL HISTORY YEAR-END ASSESSMENT STUDY GUIDE
I. Respond to the following questions. You may use your text or notes. The text’s glossary and index will assist you. The page on which the information can be found is indicated in parentheses.
1. Describe the Grand Canal. (92) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Describe the strict set of rules for behavior followed by the samurai warriors. (103) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe the beliefs of the Hindu religion. (109) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. How did Akbar make his empire peaceful? (110) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. What occurred in Japan in 1192? (104) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. How did Tokugawa prevent Europeans from conquering Japan? (104-105) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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7. According to Confucius, what makes a society healthy? (93) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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8. How did knowledge spread throughout China during its golden age? (95) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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9. Under the feudal system, what was a lord’s main duty toward the people who pledged loyalty to him? (121) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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10. Why was the Church so powerful during medieval times? (127)
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11. How did life in the towns differ from life on the manors? (131) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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12. Why was the Holy Land so important? (133-134)
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13. What was one of the major disagreements between kings and popes during the Middle Ages? (140) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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14. As feudalism weakened, how did kings gain power? (141)
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15. What were the major problems faced by medieval cities? (131-132) ______________________________________
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16. Why did trade grow during the Middle Ages? (137)
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17. Why was the Hundred Years’ War fought? ( 143-144)
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18. During the Middle Ages, why was life in northern Italy different from life in the rest of Europe? (155) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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19. According to Martin Luther, what was the key to getting into heaven? (158) ________________________________
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20. Why did Portugal lead Europe’s exploration of the world? (163) _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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21. How did Columbus believe he could reach India? (164-166) ____________________________________________
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22. How did Queen Elizabeth make England stronger? (173-174) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
23. Which European country was the first one to carve an empire in the Americas? (181-183) _____________________
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24. Why were European countries looking for a new trade route to Asia? (163) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
25. How was the monarchy of France able to gain absolute power? (170-173) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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26. What were two major changes Napoleon brought to France? (214) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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27. What gave the people of northern Italy the ability to sponsor learning? (155) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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28. Describe some of the achievements of Michelangelo. (157) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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29. Describe Magellan’s expedition, being sure to indicate why it was so important. (166-167) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
30. In what ways did Peter the Great change Russia? (page 177) ___________________________________________
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31. How were the Spaniards under Francisco Pizarro able to conquer the Incas? (182-183) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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32. What effects did the slave trade have on Africa? (183-184) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
33. What was the Enlightenment? (191-193) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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34. Who was Nicolaus Copernicus and what was his revolutionary theory? (190-191) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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35. According to John Locke, what basic right do all people have? (193-194) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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36. What were the causes of the English Civil War? (199-200 ) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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37. William and Mary were officially offered the throne of England with one condition. What was that condition? (200) _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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38. Upon whose ideas about government did Thomas Jefferson base many of his own ideas? (201) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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39. Describe the rule of Louis XIV. (170-173) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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40. How were most products made before the Industrial Revolution? (205) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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41. What was the Industrial Revolution and where did it begin? ( 205-206) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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42. When factories were first built, how was the machinery powered? (206)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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43. What were the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution? (208-209) ____________________________________
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44. What event ended the French Revolution? (213) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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45. Describe what occurs when Napoleon tries to invade Britain in 1805. (214) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46. What are the four technological advances that allowed Europeans to explore the world during the Age of Exploration? (161-162) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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47. What four (4) things did Europeans bring to Japan in the years between 1543 and 1614? (104-105 and your notes) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
48. Compare life before and after the Industrial Revolution. (205-209) _______________________________________
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